Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Blood glucose (GLU): fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of normal for Moldova 3.9-6.1 cents / liter; fasting glucose ≥ 7 cents Mount / L or 2 hours ........

Urine (U-GLU): When the blood glucose concentration increased to a certain degree, the tubular urine can not be all back to the absorption of glucose, urine sugar increased positive clinical use "+" sign indicates. Under normal circumstances, urine can reflect the blood sugar, but sugar is also affected by many other factors, sometimes not entirely consistent with the blood sugar.

Blood glucose (GLU): fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of normal for Moldova 3.9-6.1 cents / liter; fasting glucose ≥ 7 cents Mount / L or 2 hours postprandial blood glucose ≥ 11.1 cents Mount / promoted diabetes; fasting blood glucose in the 6.1 - 7 cents Mount / upgraded to impaired fasting glucose (IFG); postprandial blood glucose in 2 hours Moreton 7.8-11.1 cents / upgraded to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). IFG and IGT is a profession in normal and diabetic middle transitional phase, which is a high risk of diabetes.

Glucose tolerance test (OGTT): normal for the first hour OGTT glucose Mo 6.7-9.4 cents / L, the second-hour blood glucose ≤ 7.8 cents Mount / L, the third an hour later returned to normal, the second urine were negative. Diabetes, the fasting blood glucose is higher than normal, and two hours after OGTT glucose ≥ 11.1 cents Mount / liter.

Glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) and fructosamine (GSP): GHb can reflect the blood 2-3 months ago the average blood glucose level, the normal value of 4% -6%. GSP reflect only two weeks before the blood glucose control the overall situation, its normal for Moldova 1.5-2.4 cents / liter.

Determination of β-cell function test: usually include:
1, insulin release test: fasting insulin and normal value of 5-15μIU / ml, 1 hours after OGTT fasting up to 5-10 times, three hours after the return to fasting levels. Type 1 diabetes were a serious lack of insulin secretion, postprandial insulin secretion is also no significant increase; type 2 diabetes early fasting insulin level or slightly higher than normal, late is often reduced postprandial insulin secretion peak of more than 2-3 hours delay appear.
2, C-peptide release test: C peptide and endogenous insulin in direct proportion to the relationship between the amount generated, the significance of this test and insulin release test of the same.

Urinary albumin (MALB): early diabetic nephropathy, the general tests of urinary protein often negative, often overlooked in question appeared in urine protein or other abnormalities, kidney disease mutation can not be reversed. Such as urine mALB more than 30 mg / 24 hours, or 20 micrograms / min, then prompted early kidney damage.

Blood, body尿酮examination:
尿酮body checks only as a result of poor accuracy of screening tests. Reliable test is the determination of blood β-hydroxybutyric acid content, more than 0.5 cents Mount / L, suggesting that diabetic ketoacidosis.

Immunological tests: including glutamic acid from hydroxyl antibodies (GADA), islet cell antibody (I-CA) and insulin autoantibody (IAA) and so on, mainly used in the sub-type of diabetes. Normal and type 2 diabetes who measured the three antibodies were negative, and I were mostly positive for diabetes mellitus. Which, GADA most valuable.

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